Better Transit in Pierce County: Corridor Improvements

This post is the fifth and final in a series, adapted from an article I wrote for my blog, Transportation Matters, a Pacific Northwest-flavored blog that discusses railway planning, urban planning, and related politics.

The previous post described four proposals for improvements to Pierce Transit. This article proposes three improvements corridors to conclude the series:

  • Make Targeted Bus Corridor Improvements
  • Implement New Buslines that Connect More Local Centers
  • Electrify the Core Local Buslines

Make Targeted Bus Corridor Improvements

Pierce Transit should exclusively seek corridor infrastructure improvements that are relatively straightforward, standardized, and affordable. Basic improvements—from queue jumps and bus shelters to bus bulbs and (near) level boarding—would do much to enhance existing bus lines. These incremental upgrades may be able to leverage funds obtained from an increase in the sales tax, via the issuance of long-term bonds, with their expense amortized over a several year period. Transportation benefit districts like those available in Tacoma could also support some improvements.

For transit, what Tacoma and Pierce County need more than anything else is rubber on the road: more service, more frequency, more options for getting around. Discussing major infrastructure improvements is pointless if there is no intention to run a frequent service. Even Pierce Transit’s $325-million (or more) Pacific Avenue project, featuring major rapid transit elements like median lanes and stations, would have seen peak frequencies of only 10 minutes. While that is a huge improvement over recent 30-minute headways for the Route 1—which was frankly unacceptable given the line’s importance and the claimed necessity of its conversion to BRT—it pales in comparison to BRT facilities like Van Ness in San Francisco. There, buses arrive every several seconds throughout the day. In Seattle and Vancouver, B.C., indeed in cities around the world, 10-minute frequencies are commonplace without extensive infrastructure upgrades. Just run more buses.

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Better Transit in Pierce County: Pierce Transit

This post is the fourth in a series, adapted from an article I wrote for my blog, Transportation Matters, a Pacific Northwest-flavored blog that discusses railway planning, urban planning, and related politics.

The previous post described three proposed improvements to bus transit in Tacoma. This article proposes four improvements for Pierce Transit:

  • Secure a Sales Tax Increase for Pierce Transit
  • Increase More Busline Frequencies to 15 minutes or Better
  • Invest in a Pierce County Bus Transit Grid
  • Expand the Pierce Transit Service Area into Greater Pierce County

Secure a Sales Tax Increase for Pierce Transit

For significantly improved local transit service, Pierce Transit should seek a modest sales tax increase. This would secure several million dollars of additional annual revenue for transit operations, facility improvements and maintenance. A plan for how the money would be collected and spent should be given to voters sooner rather than later. Those plans should prioritize better frequency of the most productive buslines, superior connections on the service grid, and incremental reliability improvements over so-called BRT upgrades and expansions of coverage.

Today, Pierce Transit is supported by a 0.6 percent sales tax. Its voter-approved limit is 0.9 percent, which allows the agency to seek a sales tax increase of 0.3 percent, or an additional $0.03 per $10 purchase. For a large urban area with a dominant city of metropolitan importance, the current rate of support is low compared to our peers. As subarea transit expert Chris Karnes notes, Pierce Transit “is funded at half the rate [of King County Metro] in a county with a smaller tax base, with no supplemental funding from the City of Tacoma”. Community Transit, an agency serving a distributed suburban population like that found in Pierce County, also benefits from a 1.2 percent sales tax rate. This discrepancy should be reduced or eliminated. Pierce Transit needs to grow and there is excess financial capacity to do so.

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Better Transit in Pierce County: Tacoma Buses

This post is the third in a series, adapted from an article I wrote for my blog, Transportation Matters, a Pacific Northwest-flavored blog that discusses railway planning, urban planning, and related politics.

The previous post described five proposed improvements to the T line. This article proposes three improvements to the bus system in Tacoma:

  • Dramatically Improve the Transfer at Pacific/24th
  • Send Regional Buses to Pacific Avenue and/or Downtown Tacoma
  • Replace the MCI Vehicles of the ST Express

Dramatically Improve the Transfer at Pacific/24th

A major connection point of the Pierce County subarea transit network needs to be recognized, honored with improvements, and be served by all regional express bus lines: Pacific Avenue at 24th Street. Please note that 24th Street becomes Puyallup Avenue and that they are one-in-the-same.

As Pierce Transit’s Existing and Future Conditions Report for Pacific Avenue BRT showed, many local transit riders connect to regional services. However, what appears lost in the report and in current planning is that the main point-of-connection is not Tacoma Dome Station. In the real world, it is Pacific/24th. This is concerning as the claimed abundance of connections at Tacoma Dome is being used as rationale to divert and truncate buses there.

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Better Transit in Pierce County: The T Line

This post is the second in a series, adapted from an article I wrote for my blog, Transportation Matters, a Pacific Northwest-flavored blog that discusses railway planning, urban planning, and related politics.

Pierce County is a place of long-standing corridors and urban centers that need straightforward transit investments and services. Those investments and services should be rooted in the same best practices that help develop quality transit everywhere in the world. Following on the introduction, this article proposes five investments in Tacoma’s T Line:

  • Commit to Downtown Tacoma and Integrate the Light Railways
  • Upgrade the Track Capacity of the T Line
  • Use 6th Avenue for the T Line Extension to TCC
  • Cancel East Tacoma Station; Extend the T Line to Puyallup Tribe District
  • Plan for a T Line Extension to the Mall via Lincoln District

Commit to Downtown Tacoma and Integrate the Light Railways

The failure to integrate Tacoma Link and Central Link has become the Original Sin of modern Pierce County transit planning. It is in this vacuum of lost institutional knowledge, profound uncertainty, and administrative mismanagement that buslines are being deviated to Tacoma Dome, that Downtown Tacoma is being deprived of transit, that the peculiar Hilltop T Line extension was constructed, and why Pierce County’s transit system will actually worsen when regional light rail service starts in 2035 (or later). Tacoma’s city center is and shall remain the biggest and most important center of Pierce County. It is also one of the region’s largest transit oriented development opportunities. That light rail plans are jumbling the very structure of the subarea transit network is then a serious problem whether you reside in Tacoma or not.

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Better Transit in Pierce County: Introduction

This post is the first in a series, adapted from an article I wrote for my blog, Transportation Matters, a Pacific Northwest-flavored blog that discusses railway planning, urban planning, and related politics.

Introduction

In this environment of service cuts and stalled transportation projects, it can be difficult to envision a future when Pierce County has a comprehensive transit system that just works. Such feelings are coarsened when it is accepted that the future we work toward is incongruent with the needs of the area, as Transportation Matters has observed for nearly 10 years. However, citizens of the subarea—to use Sound Transit parlance describing the urbanized portions of our County—should take solace in the fact that Pierce County is not some vexing transportation problem. Rather, it is a place of long-standing corridors and urban centers that need straightforward transit investments and services. Those investments and services should be rooted in the same best practices that help develop quality transit everywhere in the world. There is no reason why Pierce County cannot have excellent mobility alternatives to the car.

A map of Sound Transit’s five subareas, to include the Pierce County subarea. The term “subareawill be used as shorthand to cover Tacoma and urbanized Pierce County.
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Pierce Transit in the Worst Shape of All

Image via Tacoma Tomorrow (click to enlarge)

Evan Siroky at Tacoma Tomorrow has a detailed report on Pierce Transit’s long range budget situation, and it isn’t good.  PT’s reserves run out in 2012, at which point the bottom falls out.

Using current revenue sources, annual service hours will fall by 57% – from 622,000 to 265,000, as the number of bus routes plunges from 51 to 23.  The end of service would move from midnight to 9pm on weekdays, and from 10pm to 8 or 9pm on weekends.  Weekend headways would increase to 60 minutes.

As the map above indicates, there would also be a substantial reduction in the areas PT serves. Unlike in King County, the PT district is not equivalent with the County.  These unserved areas would still be paying taxes to support PT; should the lack of service persist, they would likely pursue the time-consuming and complex “deannexation” process.

PT also provides 33% of service from Tacoma to Olympia, and that would end.

Metro and Community Transit faced potential 20% cuts when their sales tax collapsed.  Spokesman Lars Erickson explains that PT’s would be much deeper because “Pierce county experienced the recession earlier and deeper.”  The long term deficit is about $50m/year.  PTCT saved about $72m through 2012 through staff cuts, fare increases, and deferral of most capital expenses.

The good news is that Pierce Transit assesses a 0.6% sales tax, so they have a further 0.3% they can access with a public vote even if the legislature never comes to the rescue.  The chart below the jump pitches what could be done with that money: a gradual increase to 638,000 hours, including a fourth major trunk route.  The Pierce Transit board is likely to decide on a course of action this summer.

See also the TNT on this subject.

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Pierce Transit to End Sale of Ticket Books

On Monday evening, the Pierce County Board of Commissioners will hold a hearing on ending sale of ticket books to the general public effective January 1.  This is obviously a casualty of the ORCA rollout, and would sadly mean the end of the buy-10-get-one-free deal these books offered.  From the press release:

Tickets would still be available for sale to human/social service providers, school districts and administrators of the Pierce County Superior Court Juror Ticket Program.

These groups would be able to purchase:

• Regular adult tickets for $1.75 each

• Discounted tickets for $0.75 each for use by youth, senior citizens, individuals with disabilities and individuals with a valid Medicare card…

Human/social service providers, schools and the Pierce County Superior Court would be required to preorder and prepay for tickets.

Board meetings usually begin at 4:00 p.m. and are held in the Main Training Room (The Rainier Room) on the first floor of Pierce Transit’s Training Center, Building 5, directly across 96th Street from our Maintenance Base.  Address: 3720 96th St SW, Lakewood, WA.

According to spokesperson Rochelle Ogershok, Metro has no plans to discontinue ticket book sales.

Two Sound Transit Reports

Sound Transit recently released their Second Quarter Ridership Report.  Overall boardings were up over the same quarter last year, as usual, partly due to ever-increasing service levels.

Pierce County and South King buses and trains experienced a general decline in ridership, aside from Tacoma Link.  As these subareas make up the vast majority of Sounder ridership, Sounder boardings overall took a hit.

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The final version of the 2009 Service Implementation Plan (SIP) has hit the street.  It details all the planned service changes through next February, as well as provisional changes through 2013.  It’s also the most thorough data source about each route that I’ve seen released by any transit agency.

A cursory glance at the ridership numbers tells you something about the transit market in various corridors.  Specifically, the 545 and 550 together carried 10,112 people a day in 2008.  Not every 545 rider will end up on East Link, but then I’m counting nothing from the 554, 555, or 556, nor all the Bellevue/Redmond traffic on Metro.

The anti-transit Eastside Transportation Association slams East Link and prefers BRT on I-405 instead.  Somewhat less ridiculously, Eastside Rail Now wants to emphasize the BNSF North/South rail corridor.

So let’s add up the riders.  The 532, 535, 560, 564, and 565 feed Bellevue and Redmond from a huge area, Everett all the way down to Federal Way.  Total ridership on these routes? 6,171.*

Dedicated believers, if they’re so inclined, can always dismiss ridership projections as biased by the agency that released them.  But they can’t as easily dismiss the empirical data from Sound Transit’s ongoing experiment of connecting Eastside jobs to both densely packed residents in Seattle and widely dispersed residents to the North and South.  Add in the fact that you have even more traffic passing in the opposite direction — Bellevue and Redmond to transit-optimized locations in DT Seattle — and it becomes a no-brainer.

* There are also a few Metro and CT routes in this corridor.

PT Tomorrow

PT Coach 101 at Purdy P&R, by Oran
"PT Coach 101 at Purdy P&R", by Oran

Pierce Transit, to observe their 30th anniversary of emerging from Tacoma Transit, is launching a PT Tomorrow campaign, which is being billed as a potential total redesign of the route system.

There are basically no details about what kind of changes, but that may be because the first step is to gather public comment about the current system and what’s missing from it.   A series of public meetings will run from October 6 to November 12, where PT invites you to comment on the following:

  • Prioritizing service. The economic recession has shown us that we can’t always have everything.
  • Where you’d like to see improvements and least like to see reductions. Destinations? Time of day? Frequency? This is your opportunity.
  • Regional connections. Travel beyond Pierce County is important to a growing number of transit riders.

Of course, you can also comment electronically. This input will lead to a plan  in April 2010.

Pierce Transit is in an unusually good position, given that their sales tax is only at 0.6%.  That means a 50% tax revenue increase is available given local political will.